An interesting observation: there are much fewer birds in the city than in the city. Why is that? It turns out that in the city for birds there are many secluded places. But the most frequent refuge is Through a narrow gap near the lamp, the bird squeezes inward. Here, dropping down the trunk of a pipe, she winds her nest on a coil of wires. Can you imagine the conditions in which a bird lives, a little fighter against plant pests? But a person is able to thank winged helpers, but how? To build which will be more than a lamp tube.

Materials for construction

To determine how to build a birdhouse for starlings, you need to select the appropriate material. Best suited for construction are wooden boards exclusively of hardwood - birch, alder, aspen. Coniferous wood is not recommended. It releases tar, which makes the surfaces of bird houses sticky. Not suitable for plywood birdhouse. It retains heat poorly, making the new building very cold. And practically does not miss the sounds, very important for birds, especially when a danger occurs. A compressed tree (fiberboard, chipboard) emits toxins, so it is generally not suitable for a birdhouse.

Birdhouse drawing

Correctly calculated and laid out scheme will greatly simplify the construction process. Therefore, before you build a birdhouse, the drawing must be made taking into account all the necessary dimensions. The optimal height of the house for starling is 35 cm. For the bottom, a blank in the form of a square with a side of 16 cm will be required. The letch should be 5-6 centimeters in diameter. Important! Before you build a birdhouse, the dimensions should be checked several times. If the proposed housing feathered feels crowded, they just side will bypass your new building. However, it is not worth chasing large sizes. Otherwise, the offspring raised in too spacious apartments will be painful and weak.

Step-by-step instruction

Creating a simple birdhouse does not require great skills or experience working with a tree. The main thing is to use the drawings correctly. If you are building a bird house for the first time, then the question naturally arises: how to build a birdhouse in stages?

The image shows a diagram of a traditional durable house, known to everyone since childhood.

The sides of the roof are different. One should be longer by the thickness of the board to cover the edge of the first. After all, a birdhouse should not only be practical, but also have an excellent appearance.

After you cut all the blanks from the board, be sure to check whether they make up the birdhouse correctly. If all the previous tips have been taken into account, then there should not be any problems when assembling the house.

It’s best not to drive nails, but to drill small holes. The nail may not enter the wood correctly, then the sharp edge will stick out in the birdhouse, making the housing unsafe enough for birds. And maybe even chop wood. To make the drilling process as safe as possible, fix the wooden parts in several C-clamps. Before using nails or screws, be sure to glue the edges of the sides with a good

After assembling the frame, you should do the round entrance. For such purposes there is a special drill. It very quickly and accurately drills a hole. Such a summer will turn out with smooth edges, and therefore does not need additional grinding.

If there is no such drill, drill a few holes inside the circle, and then saw out the desired notch with a jigsaw. Not bad for this purpose fit rot.

There is one more method how to make a notch. But it assumes a frame not yet assembled. The front board can be divided in the center into two halves. Easy enough with the help of a chisel, the necessary half-holes are cut down. You can connect both halves with the help of spikes - nails with broken hats.

The next step is the installation of the roof.

Under the tap-hole it is necessary to place a stick 1.5 cm thick - a porch. Too large a porch will invariably attract ravens and jackdaws to the birdhouse.

Types of houses

It is customary to call any birdhouse a birdhouse, although it is not built for starlings alone. Other birds also need housing. How to build a birdhouse for birds - depends on the characteristics of future residents. For example, for titmouse, a 25-30 cm high housing is being built. The bottom should be a square with a side of 10-12 cm. The letlet for tits is 30-35 mm in diameter.

Wagtail housing requires a completely different design. The bird itself does not have sufficient tenacity of the legs, so in front of the house she needs a certain ladder. And you need to have such a house under the roof, approximately at a height of three to five meters.

The food mum feels more comfortable in a house with two through holes. They are located on the left and right. Such additional letlets allow the bird to hide in time if a predator attacks the housing.

Decorative houses

Fans of original solutions can dream a little. It’s enough to decorate a birdhouse quite a bit, and it will take on a truly fantastic look. The birdhouse stylized as a village house looks originally. For birds, it does not matter how the housing looks from the outside. The main thing is that it is warm and dry inside. A designer will bring a lot of pleasure to decorate the housing of birds.

If you wish, it’s easy to build even an apartment building. Several families will settle in such a birdhouse at once, who will welcome the rising sun with loud, joyful twittering. In this case, there will be no difficulties how to build a birdhouse. The photo below clearly illustrates the process.

The house can vary significantly in shape. An interesting solution is housing in the form of a rhombus. However, the question arises - is it suitable for birds?

It is up to you to decide: how to build a birdhouse, the dimensions and decor of which completely depend on the intended residents and your skills.

The best housing option for birds is a wooden birdhouse. It is warm, and the birds in it feel like in a hollow tree. However, not everyone has the opportunity to independently build such housing. In this case, improvised materials will help out.

A beautiful birdhouse is obtained from a log. The core can be selected using a chisel. It remains only to drill a hole for entry and think through the roof.

Housing for birds can be built even from an ordinary plastic bottle. But such a house must be insulated. You should tie the bottle round with warm ropes or even tie a tight cover. And do not forget about sharp sections of the hole. It is better to paste over the perimeter with tape.

How to install a birdhouse?

So, in theory, you already know how to properly build a birdhouse, but the correct installation of a house is also an important point in creating housing.

Most often, the birdhouse is nailed to a long pole, which is then screwed with a wire to a tree about 5-7 meters from the ground. Hang the house a little bent forward, then rainwater will not flow into the housing to the birds. It is worth considering the direction. Letok should go south or east.

House protection

Everyone knows that cats are great hunters. They are so dexterous that they can catch a bird even on the fly. Based on this, you need to protect the birdhouse as much as possible from the teeth and claws of the predator. Place a plywood circle in the middle of the pole parallel to the ground. The diameter of the circle should be 45-50 cm. Cats cannot overcome such a barrier, and the chicks will remain safe and sound.

Before building a birdhouse, be sure to dry the material. Raw wood will dry out very quickly and the house will become uninhabitable.

At the bottom of the birdhouse, it’s nice to pour a small layer of earth, peat and sawdust. Such a layer should be no more than 5 cm.

It is very easy to make the roof removable. Then, when cleaning the house, when the tenants leave the house in autumn, there will be no particular difficulties. To do this, from the inside of the roof, nail a thick board that will enter the house, like a cork in the neck of a bottle.

Instead of a conclusion

Knowing how to build a birdhouse, the size of future housing is easy to calculate. With the help of such a house you can not only alleviate the fate of birds, but also get rid of plant pests. One brood is enough to twist to protect the stands from thousands of May beetles and larvae in just 5 days! And the birds will bring the greatest joy to children. Indeed, for children that is familiar and understandable, for children - a window into the wonderful world of wildlife!

State budgetary educational institution of the Samara region

secondary school No. 1 p.g.t. Suhodol

municipal district of Sergievsky Samara region

Social project

Birdhouse

student 6 "G" class

Teacher: Moiseeva O.N.

Sukhodol, 2015

Introduction

1. Justification for the selection of the project topic.

2 Birds of my village

2.1 Research and development of ideas.

2.2 Terms of Reference.

2.3 Information about the birdhouse.

3. Technological section

3.1 Description and drawing of the birdhouse.

3.2 Drawing of the birdhouse.

3.3 Technological sequence of manufacturing of birdhouse.

3.4 Safety precautions when working with manual carpentry tools, power tools

4 Research section

4.1 Environmental research.

4.2 Economic analysis of manufacturingbirdhouse

5. Conclusion

Get to know yourself - it's interesting!

Create yourself - it is necessary!

Affirm yourself - it is possible!

Show yourself - it's real!

Annotation of the project.

This development contains a description of the work on the project “Birdhouses near my school” and a presentation. The project was attended by students of grade 6. Creative work on the project is a bird festival. Nature excursions and bird watching. Practical activities - the construction of birdhouses. The result of the project - birdhouses as a gift to the school.

Caring for birds does not require large expenditures, but only the desire of the children, their parents and teachers. April 1 is International Bird Day. Today is the time to remember and revive the International Bird Day as a bright, informal event, which rightfully should again include the traditions of our ancestors.

Pupils of the 6th grade decided to take care of feathered friends and actively prepare for a meeting with them. The boys together with their parents made a birdhouse. Starling is one of the most familiar songbirds for citizens. We will revive the tradition of making birdhouses at school and at home, hanging them all together. If a starling does not sing nearby in spring, then spring seems not quite in spring ... So let's make spring!

To create favorable conditions for birds, to instill in children a sense of responsibility for life on earth, to develop sensitivity, kindness and cognitive interest of students in nature.

Introduction

Wood is one of the most common materials that a person has learned to process in ancient times. With the help of an ax, knife and other tools, people made houses, bridges, windmills, fortifications, tools, utensils and much more.

Today, we are surrounded by a large number of wood products: furniture, musical instruments, children's toys, etc.

I consulted with dad about what can be done with my own hands from wood. He offered to make a cozy, beautiful and neat birdhouse. Truly birds need houses. They will settle in new apartments, take out the chicks and feed them with pests from our garden. And the guys and I will watch them and rejoice that we did good for the birds.

goal : To help the birds in the spring to equip their nests. Contribute to the conservation and survival of birds.To draw the attention of school students and parents to the problem of the lack of bird houses for starlings in Sukhodol.

Tasks:

To collect and study the schemes and drawings of building birdhouses.

Find out the number of birdhouses in Sukhodol

Find out from a teacher on labor S. Tereshin about the technology of manufacturing a birdhouse.

Conduct daily observations of the settlement of birds in the manufactured birdhouses.

Relevance

Spring will come, and soon starlings will fly to our lands. Pupils of our school take care of feathered friends and are actively preparing for a meeting with them. Pupils together with their parents made birdhouses. Starling is one of the most famous songbirds. We will revive the tradition of making birdhouses at school and at home, hanging them all together. If in the spring a starling does not sing nearby, then spring seems not quite in spring either.The problem of nature conservation has always been and remains relevant. We believe helping to solve this problem is the concern not only of adults, but also of us - children.

Expected results

The attitude of children and adults to the problem of attracting birds in their native village will change.

The number of birdhouses in Sukhodol will increase

Dates: April-May.

1. The rationale for the selection of the project topic

Human life is inextricably linked with the life of birds. People have always been interested in birds. At least once in a life, a person would like to fly high above the earth and look at the world from a bird's eye view. Bird singing has always fascinated people. They are the orderlies of forests, gardens, fields, destroying harmful insects, eat the seeds of weeds. That's why you need toto throw birds, to help them in life.

Research and development of ideas

Necessary materials and tools for the manufacture of birdhouse. To get the right product, we initially began to search for the necessary material on the Internet. We were interested in the design of the birdhouse, its aesthetic design, types of houses for different birds. How many interesting things we learned! We are still studying in the 5th grade, and it is very difficult for us alone to complete such a difficult task. Then we called our older comrades to help and began to do with them. The guys advised us to stop while on a simple embodiment of a birdhouse. To make the crafts, we asked dad for boards and screws, prepared a screwdriver, a hacksaw and a measuring tape.

Materials

not planed dry boards, preferably hardwood (birch, aspen, alder, etc.). It is impossible to use compressed wood (particleboard, fiberboard, etc.), it is toxic and short-lived.

4-4.5 cm long nails or screws.

Instruments

wood hacksaw;

hammer;

drill with a feather drill;

narrow chisel;

pencil and ruler;

Birdhouse Sizes

boards should be at least 2 cm thick so that the walls retain heat well;

optimal internal size: 10-15 cm square bottom.

diameter of the tap hole (hole) 4.5-5 cm;

the distance from the notch to the bottom is 15-20 cm;

birdhouse height 30-35 cm;

the top visor must protrude by at least 5 cm to protect the entrance from the weather.

Where and how to hang

You can hang on a tree, pole, wall to a height of 3 m with a slight slope forward, so that rain does not flow in the summer, and it was easier for the birds to get out. You can hang birdhouses throughout the year, but the best time is the end of March and the beginning of April. The entrance should be directed south, east, or southeast to  the winds were not blown into the birdhouse. We saw birdhouses in pictures, in textbooks, in trees near neighbors. From this we concluded that the birdhouse should be spacious, bright and comfortable for residents. The finished birdhouse will need to be hung on a tree, but do not pin it to the trunk, but attach it without nails so as not to harm the tree.

How to feed starlings

Starlings are omnivores. They feed on both plant and animal food. Usually starlings arrive when the snow is falling. At this time, they hunt for earthworms that climb to the surface of the earth, look for insect larvae that winter in secluded places.

If you want to attract starlings to your house, while there is not so much food in the spring, or if the colds returned to your area after the arrival of starlings and snow fell, then a few meters from the birdhouse you can arrange a feeder. Although starlings predominantly feed on animal foods, they will not give up on available plant foods. Starlings can eat grain, various seeds (seeds), various berries and fruits of other plants (for example, apples, pears)

How to care

Birdhouse Description

A birdhouse can be made of wood of various species, rectangular in shape, with an inclined lid, a round letok, a wooden stick. The birdhouse will be attached with nails and wire to the trunk of the tree.

Product drawing

Economic calculation of material costs for the product

Define the cost of materials necessary for the manufacture of birdhouse.

The cost of wood is 50 rubles.

The cost of nails or screws is 20 rubles.

Electricity Costs

Total:  the cost of wood + the cost of nails or screws - 50 + 20 \u003d 70 rubles

Conclusion

The birdhouse turned out to be quite spacious, comfortable. We hung it on the east side. We really enjoyed working with wood. The next year, we decided to try to make a decorative birdhouse and see which house the starlings would like more, easy to decorate or decorative.

Having made the birdhouse with my own hands, I found out:

What is wood

How to make a birdhouse

How to hang bird houses

How to feed birds.

We instill in children a love of animals and teach them to be careful about nature! Hanging houses - birdhouses - is an old folk tradition. Seeing the starling - spring at the porch! We will revive good traditions. Woodwork brings joy, gives craftsmanship, makes our life more beautiful, richer.

Bibliography

1. Buzkinov M., Potapov G., - The art of woodcarving. -M .: Antikva, 2010.

2. Glikin M.S. Decorative woodwork on machines. M .: Iskona, 2012.

4. Leontyev D.P. Do it yourself. - M .: Education, 1985.

5. Logacheva L.A. The basics of wood carver craftsmanship. M .: Folk art, 2012.

Environmental project

"Starling - starling"

Compiled by: educator

Kuzmina Lyudmila Petrovna

Explanatory note

The relationship of man with nature and its inhabitants is an urgent issue of our time. It is feasible if each child has a sufficient level of environmental culture, environmental awareness, the formation of which begins in early childhood and lasts a lifetime.

In urban conditions, there are very limited opportunities for communicating with nature, therefore, I consider one of the important tasks of working to form an ecological culture to familiarize children with the natural objects of their immediate environment.

Whom: do we most often see animals or birds in our cities and forests? Of course, birds. Here in the city, birds live side by side with us and delight us with their singing and colorful outfit.

As part of the International Bird Day, which is celebrated on April 1, we decided to devote our project to the starlings arriving to us in the spring.

PROJECT PASSPORT

Type of project: cognitive and creative.

Project Duration:  3-4 week of March - 1 week of April.

Project participants:  children of the younger group (3 - 4 years old), teacher of the group, parents.

Subject of study and creativity:  starling, birdhouses.

Objective of the project:  To clarify and expand the children's understanding of the starling, the house for the starling - the “birdhouse”.

Project Objectives:

To create conditions for the formation in children of cognitive interest in starlings;

To acquaint children with the characteristics of migratory birds - starlings;

Raise a caring attitude towards birds.

Expected Result:

To expand and deepen children's knowledge of such a migratory bird as a starling;

To develop interest and cognitive skills through the joint creative activities of children and parents;

To form parents' interest in the problem of the ecological development of their children;

Raise a careful attitude to birds.

Project Products:

• The book "All About Starlings ...".
• Birdhouses.

Stages of the project:

• Preparatory (setting goals and objectives of the project, drawing up a plan).
• Basic (implementation of the project plan).
• Final (summing up the results).

Project Applications:

• Synopsis of the integrated lesson "House for the starling." Creative work of children.
• Synopsis of the target walk “Where to hang a house for a starling?”.
• Synopsis on introducing fiction to reading:
• The book "All About Starlings ...".
• Photo report from the action “To each starling - a palace”.

A. Barto “Awaiting high maple awaits guests ...”.

Municipal preschool educational institution

kindergarten of the combined type "Rainbow"

Abstract

integrated lesson on the "Starling House"

for children of the younger group

Compiled by: educator

Kuzmina Lyudmila Petrovna

Integrated lesson "Starling House"

in the younger group

Goal:  to continue the formation of ideas about birds in children

• The development of memory, attention, observation,
• To develop the ability to compare starlings with other birds;
• To formulate an idea of \u200b\u200ba starling in children;

• The development of coherent speech in preschool children,
• Enrichment of the children's dictionary - children need to learn the concepts: the arrival of birds, breeding chicks, taking care of them, human help.

• The education of curiosity, the desire to help and take care of living beings, i.e. birds.
• To foster a good attitude towards all living things, a sense of empathy.

Integration of educational areas:Social and communicative development, cognitive development, artistic and aesthetic development, speech development.

Methodical techniques:

• generalized conversation-dialogue,
• game situation
• physical minute
• looking at the illustrations and then talking about them,
• productive activities of preschoolers,
• reflection.

Educational progress

Educator: Spring has come. The sun warms up, the first thawed spots appear on the hillocks. Brooks run along the roadsides. At this time, the messengers of spring return from distant lands to their native lands.

Makes a riddle:

There is a palace in the courtyard

One singer lives there.

Very clever fellow,

And his name is ... (Starling)

Educator: Our feathered friends will fly. Starlings will settle in birdhouses, hollows. Arriving home, starlings sit on trees and sing merrily. Birds start to nest.

The child tells the poem "Starling"

A starling is smaller than a crow,

But more sparrow -

He’s from a birdhouse like from a balcony,

Sings no worse than a nightingale!

The teacher exposes a picture of a starling. Children in the picture describe the starling. (A large, beautiful bird with black plumage, the starling has a long beak that helps to get worms.)

Physminute

We got up early today.

They were waiting for the birds yesterday.

Guards walk around the yard,

Chases cats from the yard.

We wave the hands of starlings

Drum and sing:

Live in our house

Well you will be in it!

Educator: What do people do when they expect birds in spring?

Children: people make birdhouses and hang them on trees.

The teacher shows the children a birdhouse, they consider it. A birdhouse is a birdhouse for starlings in the form of a small booth that you need to hang in a protected place on a tree or on the wall. In the birdhouse, starlings hatched their chicks. The house should hang high so that cats can not get to the chicks.

Application "Birdhouse"

(from ready-made forms) with musical accompaniment

Methods of work:

1. Examination of the sample.

2. Remember what parts a birdhouse consists of?

3. Offer to put the birdhouse on the table.

4. Performance of work by children.

At the end of the lesson, all the work of the children is considered.

Municipal preschool educational institution

kindergarten of the combined type "Rainbow"

Target walk

"Where to hang a house for a starling?"

(Junior group)

Compiled by: educator

Kuzmina Lyudmila Petrovna

Targeted walk "Where to hang a house for a starling?"

Goal and tasks:

• consolidate knowledge of the names of trees growing in the immediate vicinity of the kindergarten
• to develop a cognitive interest in the natural world.
• to develop cognitive activity in the process of observing objects and natural phenomena.
• to learn to choose the proposed places for hanging birdhouses;
• continue to acquaint with the life of birds in the spring;
• to form environmental protection skills that are environmentally competent and safe for nature and for the child himself.
• foster love and caring for birds.

Methodical techniques:   observation, story, conversation.

Dictionary Activation:   high, safe, birdhouse.

Preliminary work:   the teacher’s story about the starling, about hanging houses for the starling, reading fiction, the application of the birdhouse.

Walk

Before going out for a walk, the teacher tells the children: Today we will walk along the street. She is beautiful, wide. On the street there are many trees. We will go along the sidewalk. We will go in pairs, one after another, without disturbing passers-by. On the street you need to behave culturally: do not scream, talk calmly, do not point your finger.

Caregiver: Drops falling from the roof,

It smells everywhere in the spring.

The sky seems higher

The air of the forest is louder.

Guys, trees will soon wake up too, leaves will appear on them, and now buds are swelling on the trees.

These little kidneys
  Spring will print.
  In the meantime, leaflets are sleeping in them.
  And grow during sleep.

See how many trees grow near the kindergarten. What trees do you know? Children call trees that they see (birch, maple, poplar, spruce, linden). The teacher asks to show these trees: Tell me, what tree do you see? Run to the tree soon.

The mobile game "Run to the Tree."

Rules of the game:  child calls a tree. After the teacher’s words “Run to the tree!” children run to the named tree.

With the approach of spring, titmouses no longer fly in, only sparrows and pigeons remain. To learn to establish the simplest connections in nature - the sun warmed up - grass appeared - birds flew in. Migratory birds will fly to us. Who flies to us in the spring? What birds did you see on the trees? (children's answers)

Watch the appearance of migratory birds.

Recall and describe the starling: A large, beautiful bird with black plumage, the starling has a long beak that helps to get worms.

Guys, we made an application - a house for a starling, at home you and your parents make large wooden birdhouses. You and your dads will hang birdhouses on the trees near the kindergarten. Let's remember how to weigh a birdhouse?

Answers of children: it is necessary to hang in a sheltered place on a tree, high, so that cats do not pick up.

The teacher suggests looking for tall trees for hanging birdhouses.

After identifying trees for birdhouses, children return to kindergarten.

Awaiting high maple awaits guests -
  The house on the branch is fortified.

The roof is painted
  There is a porch for singers ...
  In the blue sky, twitter is heard
  A starling family flies towards us.

We got up early today
  They were waiting for the birds yesterday.
  Guards walk around the yard,
  Chases cats from the yard.

We wave our hands to starlings,

Drum and sing:
  - Live in our house!
  Well you will be in it!

The birds began to approach
  Flew to the yard
  We could not resist
  They shouted in unison: - Hurray!

The amazing thing:
  The whole family flew away!

Operation Bird House

Bird nests

Important! To avoid injury to children, it is only necessary to make and hang bird nests with adults!

In March, when the birds begin to return from warm countries, it's time to help them in the arrangement of their homes.The classic well-known birdhouse is a birdhouse. His native land is Western Europe.

The fashion for birdhouses came to Russia with Peter the Great. Seeing birdhouses in Europe, he did not fail to obligatorily introduce them at home.

For the manufacture of birdhouses will go any board (except coniferous trees) with a thickness of 15 - 25 mm. Plywood, fiberboard and particleboard are not suitable.They are toxic to birds.   The inner surface of the birdhouse should not be sanded, preferably with burrs and badges:  on a smooth painted or polished surface, it will be difficult for the chicks, and their parents, to get out. If the boards are smooth, it is recommended from the inside, below the notch, make horizontal notches with a chisel or knife. In addition, parents feed their chicks, pawing on the walls, hanging on them. The paws glide along the smooth surface, and the birds avoid settling in such nests.

If you want to enjoy your feathered neighbors for more than one year, you should install a birdhouse with a removable roof to inspect the house before the arrival of birds and clean it from the past nest. In addition, it is better that the roof is flat with little or no slope, as gable (like a hut) may soon begin to leak.

Birdhouses hang at an altitude of about 4-6 meters, leaning vertically or slightly forward (when tilted back, it will be difficult for birds to get out of the house, in addition, rainwater will fall into the birdhouse). Hanging birdhouses need only on deciduous trees. When attaching a birdhouse to a tree, it is necessary to ensure that the branches do not touch the front wall, otherwise cats can reach the birds.

If you want to install a birdhouse on a pole, then in this case it is important to protect the bird house from cats. The easiest way is to attach a plywood circle with a diameter of 45-50 cm in the middle of the pole, cats will not be able to climb on it and harm the chicks.

Scientists believe that about a tenth of all birds nest in man-made houses. All of us can help our smaller brothers find a warm and comfortable house.

The sizes of birdhouses as well as the sizes of other man-made nests (titmouse, flycatcher) may slightly differ from each other in shape and size.

Titmouses are loved by many birds: titmouse, pied flycatchers, redstart. A titmouse is a wooden house 30 - 40 cm high with a bottom area of \u200b\u200b10x10 cm, a letch 2.7 x 3.0 cm, which is located 3 cm from the lid. It is desirable to paint the inner walls of the titmouse in dark color with a simple pencil - then the likelihood that the house will occupy the titmouse will increase many times. Dark coloring of walls for tits is a matter of survival. These birds scare away the enemies that have come to the nest with a loud hiss and a demonstration of the "monster's eye" - white spots on the head, and in the dark it turns out especially spectacularly. Tits-gaiters must make a very small summer - with a diameter of 2.5 cm (so that large birds do not crawl) and pour inside rotten sawdust.

Flycatcher. This is a house 10 cm high with a bottom area of \u200b\u200b12x12 cm and with a 3x3 cm notch, which is located 3 cm from the cover. In the flycatchers, redstart, gray flycatchers and pied flycatchers willingly settle. Scientists recommend painting them inside with white chalk. These houses are more popular with these birds.

All these houses should be hung at a height of 2.5 to 5 m. Flycatchers do not need to hang on trees, they are better placed on fences and buildings.

The direction of the letka is not significant, but, nevertheless, do not hang up the nesting towards the prevailing winds.

Remember one more subtlety - hanging time. To populate your houses with the necessary owners, you can’t hang all the houses at once. Birdhouses and wagtails are hung up from March 21 to April 10, that is, according to the time of arrival of the hosts, the tomtits will be on April 15 - 20, and the flycatchers will by the way only by May 1.

The starling is undoubtedly a useful bird, but in the fall, at the time of flight and wanderings, the thousandth flock of these birds can cause irreparable damage to orchards and vineyards. It will probably be correct if for every five titmouses and flycatchers only one birdhouse is hung out. This measure will save birds and reduce their numbers.

The height of the birdhouse is 40 cm, the area of \u200b\u200bthe bottom is 15x15 cm, the size of the notch is 5 cm. The distance from the notch to the bottom is 30 cm. Outside under the notch there are no need to fasten zeroes and special additives. Starlings do not need them, but they can be used by magpies and crows to get to the chicks. The bottom in the houses is best done plug-in, the cover is removable . The lid should be slightly larger in size than the bottom so that there are "cornices" on the sides.  The visor of the lid of any birdhouse should protrude at least 5 cm to protect the entrance from rain being blown by the wind and from cats, preventing them from climbing from above to inside the birdhouse.

Houses with round summer houses are populated by birds better than houses with rectangular summer houses.

  DIY birdhouse - step by step construction

Birdhouse - drawing

However, despite the simplicity of the drawing, there are some important nuances in the construction algorithm that you need to know. So, for work we need the following materials:

• 
  dry unplaned boards;
• 
  nails or screws;

• 
  ruler and pencil;
• 
  wood hacksaw;
• 
  chisel or drill;
• 
  hammer.

1. Let's start with the preparation of wooden elements of bird housing. To do this, on prepared boards with a pencil, note the dimensions of the parts - the bottom, roof and walls. The bottom is a square with a side of 13 cm, the height of the front wall is 32 cm, and the height of the back is 24, that is, the front board is 4 cm larger than the back - this must be taken into account so that the roof slopes back. For this, bevels are provided on the upper part of the side walls. Two parts of different sizes are prepared for the roof, which are then held together. One part should be the same as the bottom, and the other a little larger to get a kind of canopy.

2. Using a hacksaw, we cut out our parts in size. For beauty, the outer surface is best trimmed. In the front wall with a chisel or drill, we make a hole with a diameter of 3.8 cm - this is the so-called letok - the entrance to the birdhouse. In principle, it is possible to make a rectangular hole, but by nature, the round hollow is closer to the birds, so they are more likely to settle in a birdhouse with a round notch.

3. We put the side walls vertically and glue the front wall to their ends. We glue it very carefully so that there are no gaps either from above or below. Then, waiting for the glue to dry, we fasten the parts with nails or self-tapping screws. Next, we glue the front and side ends of the bottom with glue and glue it to the front and side walls, and then additionally fix the joints with nails or self-tapping screws. Last glue and nail the back wall.

Stages of birdhouse construction

4. We fasten together two parts of the roof. You do not need to nail it to the birdhouse - it must remain removable so that, if necessary, you can open and clean the bird house.

5. We nail the bar to the birdhouse with which the house will be mounted on a tree.

6. Painting a birdhouse is not necessary, however, if you want to make it more decorative, then choose a water-based paint in gray or red.

7. Here we have such a birdhouse!

Birdhouse is ready!

How to make a birdhouse with your own hands?

For the device of a bird house, a board is taken with a thickness of 15-20 mm and a width of 200 mm. We saw it into pieces 300 mm long, which will subsequently be used as the front and rear walls of the birdhouse.

On the front wall, retreating 40-50 mm from the top, a hole is drilled - a notch, the diameter of which is 28-100 mm, depending on which birds will live in the birdhouse.

It often happens that when drilling a wooden board either cracks or splits into two parts. This is not a reason to throw away material; it is enough to fasten the board with transverse slats on the outside.

Then we should start cutting out the side walls of the bird's house, their size should be 150x300 mm, we will prepare the bottom of the birdhouse with a size of 150x150 mm, and also cut out a longitudinal bar, the width of which is 50 mm, and the length is 700 mm.

Edged boards having a width of 140-160 mm are also suitable for arranging side walls, in this case the area and floor configuration of the birdhouse will change. Instead of square, it will become rectangular and acquire dimensions 140x150 mm or 140x160 mm.

The birdhouse roof must be made in such a way that it protrudes 50-60 mm above the front part. In this case, when it rains, water will not get into the tap hole. To do this, the lid must be filed with a length of 250 mm.

In addition, the so-called sleeve - a square board with a size of 150x150 mm should be nailed to the lid. It is fixed in such a way that the layers of its wood fall across the layers of wood of the lid itself.

Entering the birdhouse tightly, the sleeve should hold the lid tightly. Two thin bars having a section of 30x30 mm can no less effectively replace a wooden sleeve. Such a cover can be easily removed if necessary.

Having prepared all the details of the structure, you can proceed to its assembly, adhering to the following order of work. First, the side walls are nailed to the wooden bottom of the house, after which the back and front are attached.

When twisting the walls of a birdhouse, do not use too many screws. Enough 2-3 pieces on each side of the board. Screws need to be tightened, retreating from the end by 30-50 mm so that the boards do not crack. Screws are best used with a length of 50-60 mm.

The large slots formed during the assembly of the house must be caulked with cotton wool, tow, or rags. You can also smear with clay or putty. Small gaps located on the side walls and at the bottom do not need to be closed, they will provide ventilation for the bird's house.

How to make a birdhouse

To make one birdhouse you will need:

1. Materials:

• 
  edged board (thickness 2-2.5cm, width 20cm, length 80-100cm) - 1 pc.
• 
  edged board (thickness 2-2.5cm, width 15cm, length 80-100cm) - 1 pc.
• 
  self-tapping screws (length 45-50 mm, 20 pcs), nails can be used
• 
  steel wire with a diameter of 1 mm, a length of about 1 m (for hanging the house)
• 
  two or three trimmed boards or a small block (needed to fix a tree house)

• 
  simple pencil
• 
  square
• 
  hacksaw
• 
  a drill or a mill on a tree with a diameter of 50 mm
• 
  4mm wood drill
• 
  phillips screwdriver (or drill and Phillips screwdriver)
• 
  hammer

The procedure for manufacturing birdhouse parts:

You need to make 7 parts of the following sizes:

• 
  from a board 20cm wide - parts 25-30cm long - 3 pieces (front and back walls and the upper part of the birdhouse cover)
• 
  from a board 15cm wide - details 25-30cm long - 2 pieces (side walls of a birdhouse)
• 
  from a board 15 cm wide - parts 15-16 cm long - 2 pieces (the bottom of the birdhouse and the bottom of the lid).
  Important! Please consider carefully the length of the last two parts - it depends on the thickness of the boards you have chosen to make the house!
  The length of these parts \u003d 20 cm - (2 x board thickness).

1. Using a square and a pencil, mark the part of the birdhouse.

2. Then saw off the part using a hacksaw.

The marking and sawing of parts must be done sequentially so that the paired parts are the same size.

3. In the front wall, a hole should be drilled - a notch with a diameter of 50 mm. Starling will enter his house through this hole.

To prevent the cat from reaching the nest with the chicks with its paw, the hole should be positioned at a distance of 5 cm from the top edge.

4. In the front and rear walls of the birdhouse, drill holes with a diameter of 4 mm for self-tapping screws around the entire perimeter of the wall at a distance of 1 cm from the edge. Enough 2-3 holes per side.

Birdhouse assembly procedure:

1. Screw the front wall to the right side wall of the birdhouse.

2. Similarly screw the back wall to the left side wall of the birdhouse.

3. The resulting two parts are connected with self-tapping screws to each other, be sure to try on the bottom of the birdhouse and the lower part of the lid.

4. Replace and fasten the bottom of the birdhouse to all four walls.

5. Connect the bottom of the birdhouse cover to the top. The center of the lower part should be offset from the center of the upper part by 5 cm to get a visor.

6. Insert the cover into the birdhouse housing and secure it on the sides.

Since the birdhouse needs to be cleaned of old nests, the lid is enough to fix only two screws.

Preparing a birdhouse for fixing on a tree:

1. Screw one self-tapping screw (one into the left wall and one into the right) into the side walls at the level of the notch hole so that the wire can be fastened to them.

3. Cut a piece of wire equal to the perimeter of the tree + 15 cm.

4. Bend at the ends of the wire loop.

5. Prepare the linings for the wire. They are needed so that the wire does not cut into the bark of the tree, as the tree grows and the trunk increases in girth. Instead of the barrel, the wire will crash into special linings.

6. Hang the birdhouse on a tree, securing the wire loops to the screws and setting the linings.

Useful tips when designing a birdhouse.

• 
  Birdhouse boards should be at least 1.5 cm thick, best of all - 2-2.5 cm
• 
  From the outside of the house, the boards can be planed, but they cannot be processed from the inside: on a smooth surface, it is very difficult for chicks, and adult birds, to get out. If the boards are smooth, then before assembling the house on its front wall - from the inside, below the notch - you need to make horizontal notches with a chisel or knife.
• 
  It is advisable to make the roof removable in order to inspect the house before the birds arrive and clean it of the past nest. It must be strengthened so that neither the wind nor the crow can bring it down. The most rational roof is flat with a slight slope back. Gable (like a hut) will begin to leak faster
• 
  For fastening the walls and the bottom, it is better to use screws. A plank is nailed to the back wall, with the help of which the nest is attached to a tree or pole.
• 
  The sequence of assembly of the house: the side walls are attached to the bottom, then - the front bar and, finally, the rear. We must try to make the house firmly knocked down, without cracks. And remember that you make these houses for birds! Originality and a creative approach, of course, are always held in high esteem, but the birds will not understand this, moreover, a too bright, artsy house can simply frighten them away.